Suppose just for a minute you’re an unemployed middle-class white guy in Detroit.  Your marriage falls apart, your house burns down and you are in debt up the wazoo.  But you’re really, really well-endowed down there.  Solution?  Sell your services.  Yes those services.  According to HBO’s new series Hung, the notion of a guy taking up what is sometimes referred to as women’s oldest profession in order to make ends meet should be highly amusing. As Dan Barry of the New York Times puts it, “The writers have turned a penis into a plot device”. Ho, ho.

Leaving aside the revolting suggestion that residents of Detroit should turn to prostitution now that the economy has tanked, and with all due respect for the rights of those who freely choose this line of work, the reality is that most people who sell their sexual services are coerced or sold into the profession and most of those people are women. For them, sex work is most definitely not a form of entertainment.

Sex trafficking is currently recognized by the United Nations as human rights violation. However, not all forms of prostitution involve sex trafficking, which leads to significant debate over whether all prostitution should be considered a human rights violation. While not all women are forced into prostitution through sex trafficking, many are somehow coerced or forced into the profession.

Research shows that sex trafficking greatly contributes to the spread of infectious diseases including HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B in women and their clients in South Asia, an area deeply effected by sex trafficking. Very few prostitutes receive the proper screening or treatment for these STIs.

Furthermore, while prostitution has not historically always been recognized as a form of violence against women, prostitutes suffer significant physical violence resulting in black eyes, bruises, and broken bones.

According to the U.S. Department of Justice,

  • 83 percent of the reported human trafficking incidents involved allegations of sex trafficking.
  • Over 90 percent of victims in both alleged and confirmed human trafficking incidents were female.
  • 99% of the victims in alleged and confirmed sex trafficking incidents were female.
  • 71% of sex trafficking victims  were under age 25.
  • 80% of sex traffickers are male.

Not a very amusing scenario is it?  For more information about sexual trafficking, via RapeIs the following are organizations working to raise awareness about sexual slavery:

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From Yanar Mohammed, President of the Organization Of Women’s Freedom In Iraq (OWFI):

After two years of fact-finding and months of lobbying over local and regional televisions, newspapers, websites and radios, OWFI’s activism receive the first results: the legislaors have forwadrded a draft law against trafficking of women and girls.

  • As usual, our NGO was not informed of the draft law and we had to hear it from the media.
  • As usual, the govenment encourages their “SELECT NGOs” to hold meetings and raise their timid demands about the same issue albeit too late. They continue to call them “key” organizations in spite of their feable agenda on VAW.
  • As usual, the officials announce that they will someday set up shelters and visit prisons to help the trafficked women with the help of their “SELECT NGOs”.

The attempt of undermining our efforts to lead women’s struggle for their rights will not deter us from continuing to fight.

For more background, please read this article in the Time Magazine. Please note that the writer of the article has misunderstood details on the registration of OWFI. Although we run informal shelters which have saved tens of women from honour killings, domestic abuse, sectarian abuse, and trafficking, our organization is fully registered at the government.

At this point, we need to document our main debates on media with officials:

  • March 6: A shocking article on Time Magazine about OWFI activists who risk their lives while visiting brothels and “no light” districts. Previous victim of trafficking who is an OWFI shelters resident speaks out.
  • March 12: Spokesperson of the Iraqi government, Ali Al Dabbagh admitting to existence of the problem of trafficking of women in answer to facts brought forward by OWFI president, Yanar Mohammed: Al Arabiya.net website. As a result, 360 people joined the debate and forwarded their opinions.
  • March 16: Female Parliamentarian rejecting the possibility that Iraqi women can be trafficked or practice prostitution. Sameera Al Mousawi is the in charge of the Women and Children’s Committee in the parliament. She waived away the issue that Yanar Mohammed brought forward in Al Diyar TV talk show, claiming that the discussion was an insult to Iraqi women.
  • April 1: From Iraq show on Al Arabiya Satelite TV, interviews OWFI president and also interviews a previous victim of trafficking(resident of OWFI shelters) who discloses being trafficked to a Arabic Gulf country where she and her many women were exploited by royalist princes of the gulf: the show was not aired for reasons which were not disclosed.
  • April 13: Media exposing the new Draft Law against Trafficking in Persons. Another article on the Time Magazine which leaked the news and interviewed government and ngo women about the issue as mentioned above.

Our utmost thanks go to the courageous Rania Abou Zeid who ventured into the Iraqi scene and collected the facts. We also thank the Time Magazine for allowing their pages to become reason for protecting a population of exploited Iraqi females.

We will still be watching the Draft Law as the State Shura Council (a newly founded council of clerics in the “democratic” Iraq) reviews it and takes the final decision.

Many thanks to Yanar Mohammed  for bringing this to our attention.  We need to find ways that American women can support this very important measure to stop the trafficking of women in Iraq.

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I will be be taking a blog break until the middle of next week and thought I would leave you with these 2 inspiring videos.

———-

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“The bail-out money for the financial and corporate sector is twenty times more than the amount needed to achieve all of the Millennium Goals at once!”

–the Concord Times (Freetown, Sierra Leone)

As we have pointed out repeatedly on this blog, the economic disaster that is permeating throughout the world has specific impacts on women.  According to the International Labour Organisation, a higher percentage of women than men will lose their jobs worldwide this year.  In a recent interview, Dr. Michelle Ford, Chair of the Department of Indonesian Studies at the University of Sydney (AU) explained that the impact will be particularly hard of women in developing Asian economies,

Because of social expectations that men will be a breadwinner even if that’s not the case in fact. The other thing is that women are often in marginal jobs in factories and in work places that can be easily cut and they can be sacked when life is tough for the company and brought back in when things are better. So lots of women in production, especially in export oriented factories, the sort of factories that make the clothes and shoes that we buy in the supermarkets, those sorts of jobs are very easily expendable.

Ford also makes the extremely important point that this situation will lead to more women going abroad to find work, which leaves them vulnerable to human trafficking issues,

Millions of women actually leave the poorer countries of South East and East Asia, but mostly South East Asia, to work in other places in Asia, but also in Europe and America. And of course when their employers start to feel the economic pinch, life becomes harder for them, and this can happen in two main ways. One, they can be sacked and told to go home, and often these women have borrowed lots of money, their families have borrowed money to get them there, and their families back at home depend on that income, or if their employers can still keep them, but life is a bit tougher. They are the ones who feel the pinch, If their employers stress, they are likely to suffer either verbal or even physical abuse and also they have to deal with tightened economic situations in the home of the employer.

And according to IPS, a new study released Tuesday by the Paris-based U.N. Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) warns that “the crisis will “push millions into deeper poverty and result in the deaths of thousands of children”.

Thelma Kay, director of ESCAP’s Social Development Division, told IPS that in many families, household expenditures, such as for food and child-rearing, are managed by women.

“Women dependents are having to care for their entire families on less income, and working women are having to support families with their wages alone, which, on average, are lower often considerably than men’s,” Kay said.

On top of that, she said, food prices have spiraled over the last two years, forcing women to make difficult financial choices.

“And where school costs become unbearable, it is the girl-children who are more likely to be taken out of the classroom,” Kay said.

In Britain meanwhile, the government is concerned enough about  the potential uptick in violence against women as a result of economic stress that thy have issued a booklet offering resources for dealing with this. Called Real Help Now For Women, it

Is based on the premise that “women, especially those who are pregnant or work part-time, can feel particularly vulnerable during economic downturns”. The document provides a summary of benefits already available, and details support groups women can call on if they feel their job or personal safety is threatened as a result of the recession.

Figures from the Metropolitan police issued in January suggested that there has been a slight increase in domestic violence in the past year, and the acting deputy commissioner, Tim Godwin, said police were looking at how stress in terms of lost jobs might create tension in families. The attorney general, Lady Scotland, has also warned that domestic violence will rise with increased financial worries. The government booklet devotes a section to the impact of the recession on divorce, violence and family tensions.

Why is it important to understand the  specific impacts experienced by women during this economic crisis?  Quite simply because if we are to effectively remedy the situation, these issues need to be acknowledged and addressed by governments and economic policy makers.  A failure to do so will result in  a failure to heal the economy of the world in a real and meaningful way for its most vulnerable citizens, women and children.

With a certainty, it is also crucial that women be represented at the table, just as they should be in resolving the upheaval of violence.  If you feel despair that this could ever happen, it can and it has.  In Iceland in the form of the Bjork Fund.  According to Halla Tómasdóttir of Audur Capital,

“Our Björk fund is to focus on sustainable growth. Iceland was the first in the world into the crisis, but we could be the first out, and women have a big role to play in that. It goes back to our Viking women. While the men were out there raping and pillaging, the women were running the show at home.

“We have five core feminine values. First, risk awareness: we will not invest in things we don’t understand. Second, profit with principles – we like a wider definition so it is not just economic profit, but a positive social and environmental impact. Third, emotional capital. When we invest, we do an emotional due diligence – or check on the company – we look at the people, at whether the corporate culture is an asset or a liability. Fourth, straight talking. We believe the language of finance should be accessible, and not part of the alienating nature of banking culture. Fifth, independence. We would like to see women increasingly financially independent, because with that comes the greatest freedom to be who you want to be, but also unbiased advice.”

Imagine if those ideas were to be implemented in the United States, don’t think hedge funds and derivatives would meet those standards…

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Below is an excerpt from the transcript of the exchange between Senator Barbara Boxer and Hillary Clinton at Clinton’s confirmation hearing yesterday.  The entire transcript is a worthy and in places worrisome read, but I thought this bit in particular regarding women’s human rights worth noting.  The good news–at least we are talking about it.  The first bad news–the topic was left to the women Senators to chitchat about, not a topic the self-important white boys wanted to address.  But it is what they said that is most disheartening:

BOXER:  Senator Clinton, I’m so excited to see you here today. As you know, I was very much in favor of your saying yes to this opportunity.

You’re a dedicated public servant, and I think by nominating you President-elect Obama has sent a message that world peace and stability trumps politics and ego. And I think by accepting this position, Senator Clinton, you are sending the same message, because you are working with your toughest rival, and you’ve set your ego aside for world peace, world stability and for the good of the country. I mean that sincerely. You know I do.

I wanted to pick off a few of the issues that I care about. I’m going to do it very quickly because there are so many — just to make my voice heard on those — and then ask you a question on a topic you raised, and we’ve discussed it before, the status of women in the world — in particular, violence against women in the world. And Nicholas Kristof has written a series of articles on this, and I’ve spoken with our great new chairman, and I think his concern certainly lies in this direction along with yours.

So let me just say you face unbelievable challenges, you and the president-elect. Six years later, we still have 140,000 troops in Iraq. Seven years later, after the brutal attack of 9/11, we’re fighting a resurgent Taliban in Afghanistan. Al Qaida poses a great threat to us on that safe haven border of the Afghan-Pakistan border. The outrageous terrorist attack in Mumbai significantly heightened tensions between India and Pakistan.

And the outbreak of violence in Gaza reminds us that Israel continues to face grave threats to its very existence from never- ending rocket attacks. Our leadership is sorely needed there to protect the innocent, not just in the short term but in the long term where we hope to seek a very good solution for all sides.

In Iran we face defiance, in North Korea the same. And due to our own inaction, we continue to be dependent on oil and gas whose revenues line the pockets of hostile regimes. And this dependence has slowed our fight against global warming.

And I’m so proud that you mentioned global warming in your talk and that Senator Kerry, our chairman, is going to be so dedicated to helping you lead the charge in terms of a solution internationally. And as chairman of the Environment Committee, I will be by his side in that international treaty issue.

HIV, AIDS, tuberculosis — Africa, Asia, Latin America need our attention.

So that’s the list, and now I want to get to my questions.

I have a few pictures to share with all of us. And they’re brutal pictures. And I’m not showing them for shock value. I want to show them because I don’t think we can look away from the plight in women in the world.

And as I said, Nicholas Kristof confronts these issues in a series of compelling articles. In one, he tells us about the recent acid attack against young girls in Afghanistan, where they’re going to school with their teachers. And we have a photo of one of the victims to show you on that. I’m just going to do these very quickly. OK.

He profiles a story in a second picture, I’ll show that, of a Pakistani woman who was viciously burned by her husband with acid because she dared to divorce him. This is what we’re talking about. This is Ms. Azar. OK.

Thousands of women have suffered similar attacks throughout Asia, and no prosecutions, senator. Kristof tells us the story of a Vietnamese girl named Sina Vann who was kidnapped at age 13; she was sold into sex slavery in Cambodia. When she refused to see customers, she was tortured brutally with electric shocks and locked in a coffin full of insects.

And Kristof illustrates an act of horrific brutality in a piece called “If This Isn’t Slavery, What Is?” in which a young Cambodian girl had her eye gouged out by her brothel owner after taking time off to recover from a forced abortion. This is a picture of that, just very beautiful, young woman.

Count me as one of the people that appreciate the fact that Kristof regularly devotes his very valuable journalistic real estate on the Op Ed page of the New York Times to reporting about violence against women and women’s human rights, BUT the fact of the matter is that women and women-run organizations throughout the world have been documenting these issues and advocating for change and doing the hard work to make those changes happen on an ongoing basis for a very long time.  They rarely get the credit for that work and are rarely listened to in the discussion of foreign policy.  And while I appreciate Kristof’s efforts, it is so disheartening that in the few instances when these issues are brought to the table, credit for the awareness goes to white guys on their shiny steed.

BOXER: So I’m introducing some legislation. One is a companion piece of Representative Carolyn Maloney. Another one is the Afghan Women Empowerment Act, which many on this committee have worked with us on. And that’s just the beginning. No woman or girl should ever have to live in fear or face persecution for being born female.

And, senator, I know how deeply you feel about this. And so I wanted you to take a little more time to talk about your commitment to this particular issue. And, obviously, I would be so pleased if you would commit to help us work on a legislation to fight this immorality.

CLINTON: Well, senator, you have been such a leader. And I have been honored to be your colleague and your partner in a number of these efforts that have been undertaken on behalf of women around the world.

And I want to pledge to you that as secretary of state I view these issues as central to our foreign policy, not as adjunct or auxiliary or in any way lesser than all of the other issues that we have to confront.

I, too, have followed the stories that are exemplified by the pictures that you held up. I mean, it is heartbreaking beyond works that, you know, young girls are attacked on their way to school by Taliban sympathizers and members who do not want young women to be educated. It’s not complicated: They want to maintain an attitude that keeps women, as I said in my testimony, unhealthy, unfed, uneducated.

And this is something that results all too often in violence against these young women, both within their families and from the outside. This is not culture. This is not custom. This is criminal. And it will be my hope to persuade more governments, as I have attempted to do since I spoke at Beijing on these issues, you know, 13 and some years ago, that we cannot have a free, prosperous, peaceful, progressive world if women are treated in such a discriminatory and violent way.

I have also read closely Nick Kristof’s articles over the last many months, but in particular the last weeks, on the young women that he has both rescued from prostitution and met who have been enslaved and abused, tortured in every way: physically, emotionally, morally.

And I take very seriously the function of the State Department to lead our government through the Office on Human Trafficking to do all that we can to end this modern form of slavery. We have sex slavery, we have wage slavery, and it is primarily a slavery of girls and women.

So I look also forward, senator, to reviewing your legislation and working with you as a continuing partnership on behalf of these issues we care so much about.

And finally, the work that the women of the Senate did in connection with First Lady Laura Bush on behalf of the women of Afghanistan has been extremely important. That program was started in the State Department. It was midwifed by a group that I helped to start back in the Clinton administration called Vital Voices. Mrs. Bush has been outspoken on behalf of the plight of Afghan women, on behalf of Aung San Suu Kyi in Burma, and other women facing oppression around the world. And I’m very pleased that that project will be spun off to Georgetown where it will continue under Mrs. Bush’s sponsorship.

CLINTON:  So we’re going to have a very active women’s office, a very active office on trafficking. We’re going to be speaking out consistently and strongly against discrimination and oppression of women and slavery in particular, because I think that is in keeping not only with American values, as we all recognize, but American national security interests as well.

BOXER: Well, I couldn’t have asked for a better answer.

Well I sure could have.  We’re going to have “a very active women’s office”  but yet we’re pawning off the rights of the Afghan women we supposedly liberated to a group under Laura Bush’s leadership?  And aside from lipservice, what exactly have  Mrs. Bush, let alone the U.S. government  done  for Aung San Suu Kyi?  If this is Clinton’s idea of championing women’s human rights, it would appear that we are in for 4 more years of women’s lives being endangered by U.S. foreign policy.

BOXER:  I wanted to note, Mr. Chairman, that even the most conservative historians have said that if women in the world could be allowed to live up to their potential it would bring the whole world forward. A lot of the problems we face really come from this mindset that half of the population doesn’t matter and can be abused. And they’re ignored or hurt and can’t contribute. So I think it’s a key matter.

Indeed, it is a key matter and that means that you don’t pawn off women’s human rights to a women’s office let alone  suggest that it be handled by private organizations.  You make it a central part of foreign policy and indeed as Boxer suggests, you “bring the whole world forward.”  That is the kind of states-womanship we would like to see from Clinton rather than what very much sounds like more of the same when it comes to women’s rights.

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